Hydrocarbon-engine



D. 'R. MORRISON. HYDROCARBON ENGINE. APPLICATION men maze, 1920,

Patented J une 21, 1921.

r 1w m w I a v Hwy DUDLEY It. MORRISON, 0F ANDERSON, INDIANA.

HYDROCARIBON-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 21, 1921.

Application filed April as, 1920. Serial No. 378,677.

To all whom it may cancer-a.

Be it known that I, Dunner R. Monm- SON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Anderson, in the county of Madison and State of Indiana,have invented new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Engines, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in hydrocarbon explosive enginesfor the utilization of kerosene or other fuel oil as carbon supply, andthe object of the inven tion is,

First, to provide an engine that will start on a light load and whichwill be self igniting and will continue to operate on a light load.

Second, to provide an oil burning engine in which all of the carbon willbe eventually reduced and automatically discharged from the enginewithout interfering with its continuousand successful operation.

I accomplish the above and other objects which will hereinafter appear,by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in whichFigure 1, is a longitudinal section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2 of anengine-cylinder embodying my improvements; and Fig. 2 is a cross sectionof same on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Like characters of reference indicate like parts in the two views 'ofthe drawing.

The engine is a two-cycle one having a 7 cylinder 3, a water-jacket a,exhaust port 5,

and air-intake 6. A piston 7 reciprocates in the cylinder and is ofusual construction except that it is preferably notched at 8 to morequickly uncover the air intake and to deflect the mixed vapors towardthe outer end of the cylinder. This outer end has a special head 9,bolted to the cylinder 3, and packed at the joint at 10.

In the end of head 9-, near the lower edge thereof, is a screw-threadedhole in which a tube 11 is screwed. The outer end 12 of this tube isclosed while the opposite end is open and discharges into the cylinder.The outside of this bore for the tube preferably has the countersink 13,to expose the maximum outer tube surface to the direct action of anoutside heater used in starting the engine. The heater here shown is thewell known commercial torch 14-, and to concentrate its heat on thetube, 1 pro vide a metal hood 15, open at top and bottom and supportedfrom the cylinder-head.

It will preferably be lined with asbestos or other noncondu'ctor 30.

The fuel-oil is supplied through a pipe 16-, from a suitable reservoirunder pressure of a pump-the reservoir and pump not being shown. Thispipe 16 enters the lower portion of the cylindrical extension 17, of thehead 9. The hole is countersunk outside at 18 to air-cool the pipe, andthe end of the pipe .is preferably depressed in a recess 19 to keep thepipe outlet from being clogged with carbon. Only a minimum length of thetube-end is screw-threaded to.

enter and contact the metal of the head, which is to avoid heating thepipe by conduction from the cylinder. The end of the pipe is closed withthe exception of a small discharge hole of approximately the diameter ofa number 9 needle.

A. plate 20 preferably of bronze or other slow oxidizing metal crossesabove the pipe 16, from one side of the cylinder-bore to the other, asshown in Fig. 2, and makes a close fit against the vertical end or head9 to which the plate is fastened by ears 21. The inner edge of the platehas a downward flange 22, which conforms to the bore of the cylinder andmakes a closure in that direction of the space under the plate. finintegral tongue 23, projects into the tube 11 and curves down as shownin Fig. 1, a loose fit of all edges of the tongue being made againsttube 11.

Secured to the head 9, by a band 34, is a cylindrical drum 25, ofbronze, with a closed head at the top, and a head at its lower end witha central opening through which a tube 26 enters the drum and in whichthe tube is supported. The tube 26 is preferably of nickel. It is openat both ends with the upper end terminating within approximatelyone-fourth inch of the upper head. The lower end of the tube 26 projectsabout five-eighths of an inch below the bottom of drum 25 andapproximately three sixteenths of an inch above plate 20.

The inside diameter of drum 25, is ap proximately three-fourths of aninch and it is two-and-one-half inches long inside. The inside diameterof tube 26, is approximately one-eighth of an inch.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The engine being cold, tostart it the torch 14, is lighted and the oil turned on by opening cock27. The oil being fed through tube 16 under pressure is forced throughthe. reduced hole in the end of the tube against the plate 20, and someof the 011 will run down the downwardly curved tongue upon the lowerwall of pipe 11, where, because the pipe has been heated by the torch,it volatilizes, and, eventually filling the chamber under the plate toover flowing, forces its way out around the edges of the tongue andplate into the cylinder where it mixes with air supplied through intake6. The resulting mixture comingin. contact with the hotrpipe 16, isexploded, and the continuance of this operation soon heats the drum 25,and its tube 26, to "a permanent temperature that will explode themixture without the further use 01? the torch.

At each} explosion the flame flashes through the tube into the drumcausing a compression in the drum which forces the flame out again intocontact with the plate 20, thereby additionally and continuouslyheatingthe plate. The resulting temperature of the plate superheats theheavier products or the fuel-oil that have settled at the bottom of thechamber under the plate 20, resolving said products gradually into a redpowder, where kerosene is used, which escapes with the vapor into thecylinder from where it is blown out to atmosphere by the action of theengine.

While I iave here shown the best form of my invention now known to me itis obvious that many variations in form, size, material, and the like,are possible without departing from the spirit thereof; and I thereforedo not desire to be limited any more than is required by the appendedclaims. 7

' I claim:

1. In a hydrocarbon explosive engine utilizing oil as a source ofhydrocarbon supply, cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder, aresilient partition within the cylinder defining a separate chamber saidplate making a loose fit at its edges with the cylinder, means forsupplying fuel-oil to the chamber defined by the plate, and means forheating the plate to vaporize the oil.

2. In a hydrocarbon explosive engine utilizing oil as a source ofhydrocarbon supply, a cylinder, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder,a plate-partition within the cylinder (:lefining a separate chambertherein said plate being secured to the cylinder but making a loose fitat its edges with the cylinder to allow 1t to spring away for the escapeof vapors from the chamber, means for supplying fuel oil to the chamber,and means for heating the plate to vaporize the oil and torce it outpast the edges of the plate.

3. In a hydrocarbon explosion engine utilizing oil as a source ofhydrocarbon supply, a cylinder having an outer head, a pistonreciprocating in the cylinder, a tubular extension from thecylinder-head closed at its outer end, a plate-partition within thecylin der fastened to said cylinder-head and defining a chamber separatefrom the cylinder said plate making a loose fit at its edges with thecylinder and having a tongue entering said tubular extension defining anextension of the chamber, means for initially heating said tubularextension to start the engine, and means to continue heating theplatepartition after the discontinuance of the initial heating.

4. In a. hydrocarbon explosive engine utilizing oil as a source ofhydrocarbon supply, a cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, achamber in the cylinder for the initial heating and conversion of thefuel oil into hydrocarbon vapors, and a drum in the cylinder adjacentthe chamber having an opening in its part closest to the chamber.

5. In a hydrocarbon explosive engine utilizing oil as a source ofhydrocarbon supply, a cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, achamber in the cylinder for the initiall eating and conversion of thefuel oil into hydro'carbon vapors, a drum in the cylinder adjacent thecylinder having an opening in its partclosest to the chamber, and a tubeopen at both ends inserted in the opening of the drum one end of thetube terminating near the upper end of the drum and its other enddischarging against said chamber.

7 6. In a hydrocarbon explosive engine utilizing a fuel-oil, a cylinder,a piston reciprocating therein, a spring partition defining a separatechamber in the cylinder, a fuel-oil supply tube discharging into thechamber through a reduced opening, and means for protecting saidopening. from stoppages.

7. In a hydrocarbon explosive engine utiizing a fuel-oil, a cylinder,piston reciprocating therein, a spring partition defining aseparatechamber in the cylinder, a fueloil supply tube discharging into thechamber through a reduced opening, and means for protecting said openingfrom stoppages comprising the walls of a recess surrounding thedischarge end of said pipe.

8. In a hydrocarbon explosive engine utilizing a fuel-oil, a cylinderhaving an outer closed end, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder, atubular extension from the closed end of the cylinder closed at itsouter end, a plate-partition within the cylinder defining a, separatechamber therein and having a tongue extending into the tubularextension,said tongue being downwardly curved at its outer end, means forsupplying fuel oil to the chamber, and means for initially heating thetubular extension.

9. In a hydrocarbon explosive engine, a cylinder, a piston reciprocatingtherein, an extension head on the outer end of the cylinder havingcylindrical sides which extend it beyond the end of the cylinder, a tubeclosed at its outer end and open at its inner end passing through andseated in the cylinder head, a fuel-oil pipe discharging through thecylindrical Walls of the head, a plate-partition crossing said dischargein a chord of the inner bore of the walls of the extension head saidplate-partition having a flange to complete the inner closure of achamber defined by the plate-partition and also having a tongue enteringsaid tube, and means for initially heating the tube.

10. In a hydrocarbon explosive engine, a cylinder, a pistonreciprocating therein, an extension head on the outer end of thecylinder having cylindrical sides which extend the head beyond the endof the cylinder, a tube closed at its outer end and open at its innerend passing through and seated in the cylinder head, a fuel-oil pipedischarging through the cylindrical Walls of the head, a plate-partitioncrossing said discharge in a chord of the inner bore of the extensionsaid plate-partition having a flange to complete the inner closure of achamber defined by the plate-partition and also having a tongue enteringsaid tube, the end of the tongue being bent downwardly, means forinitially heating the tube and a hood to confine the heat.

-11. In a hydrocarbon explosive engine, a cylinder, a pistonreciprocating therein, an extension head on the outer end of thecylinder having cylindrical sides that extend the head beyond the end ofthe cylinder, a tube closed at its outer end and open at its inner endpassing through and seated in the cylinder head, a iu-eLoil pipedischarging through the cylindrical walls of the head, a plate-partitionon a chord of the bore of the head extension having a flange completingthe inner closure of the chamber and a tongue entering said tube, a drumabove the plate-partition and an openended tube in it terminating closeto the plate-partition.

Signed at Indianapolis, this 13th day of April, 1920.

DUDLEY R. WORRISON.

